2024 Vol. 30 No.1 PP 157-162
https://doi.org/10.33451/florafauna.v30i1pp157-162
Types of Bioremediation and their Applications, in Heavy Metal Detoxification
Anjali Patil and *Mamta Arya
Department of Biotechnology,
Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University,
SRINAGAR-246174 (UTTARAKHAND), INDIA
*Corresponding Author :
E-mail:mamtaarya.biotech@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Heavy metal contamination is the result of various human activities. Increased concentrations of heavy metals are
responsible for causing lethal and chronic diseases in humans, affecting the metabolism of plants and causing metal toxicity in
the environment. Available conventional techniques for metal detoxification are not found effective and economically feasible.
Bioremediation is an ecologically and economically favorable technique that consists of natural biological processes to eliminate
toxic heavy metal contaminants. Various microorganisms, fungi and plants can be used for heavy metal detoxification. This
paper gives an idea about the concept, types, and principles of bioremediation.
KEY WORDS : Actinomycetes, Bioremediation, Fungi, Heavy metals, Phytoremediation, Pollution.